Outros terrorismos

Numa altura em que só se fala de terrorismo deve ser recordado que não se trata de um fenómeno novo, antes a novidade do mesmo, é que chega a sitios onde antes não chegava, por vezes com uma força e violência que também não tinha.

Descobri na net algumas notas sobre Menachem Begin, líder político do Estado Israelita, primeiro ministro responsável pela decisão de instalar colonatos Judaicos para além das fronteiras internacionalmente recochecidas do Estado de Israel. Estas notas são interessantes, na medida em que revelam que Begin recorreu também ele a tácticas terroristas para levar a cabo os seus designios: a fundação do Estado de Israel. Esses ataques terroristas visavam, quer os interesses da administração Britânica, quer a população Palestiniana, que viu ameaçado o seu território pela pretensão Judaica ao mesmo.

Contacting the dormant Jewish underground, Irgun Zvai Leumi, Begin set about planning a Jewish uprising against the British authorities. This began in 1944, but increased in pace and scope immediately after World War II and continued until late 1947. Begin ordered many of the Irgun's operations, including the Akko prison breakout and the destruction of the central British administrative offices in the King David Hotel. Following the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, Begin disbanded the Irgun.

Também descobri algumas notas sobre a Irgun, a organização que Begin veio a liderar e que para a maioria dos Israelitas, ainda hoje em dia, era uma organização de "freedom fighters":

Irgun (ארגון), shorthand for Irgun Tsvai-Leumi (ארגון צבאי לאומי, also spelled Irgun Zvai-Leumi), Hebrew for "Military-National Organization", was a Zionist

The Irgun was considered to be a terrorist
Terrorism is a tactic of violence that targets civilians, with the objective of forcing an enemy to favorable terms, by creating fear, demoralization, or political discord in the attacked population.
"Terrorism" is a pejorative characterisation of an enemy's attacks as conforming to an immoral philosophy of violence, in a manner outside of warfare, or prohibited in the laws of war, but many Israelis regarded its members as freedom fighters Freedom fighter is a relativistic local term for those engaged in rebellion against an established government that is held to be oppressive and illegitimate. The terms "freedom" and "rebellion" are often controversial, as often both sides in armed conflict claim to represent the popular cause of "freedom." While outside (perhaps imperial) oppressors almost always claim to be "liberators," freedom fighters also often become oppressors in the eyes of civilians.
It branched off Haganah The Haganah (Hebrew: "Defense") was a Zionist military organization in Palestine during the British mandate of Palestine from 1920 to 1948. The Haganah later became the Israel Defense Forces—Israel's army.
Irgun actions
1937 - A large number of attacks against Arabs, sometimes en masse, were carried out, especially under the command of Moshe Rosenberg and David Raziel . For example, 24 Arabs were killed and 39 injured by a marketplace bomb in Haifa and further casualties were caused by bombs in Jerusalem and Tel-Aviv.
1946 Irgun bombs King David Hotel On July 22, members of the Jewish underground military organization Irgun Tsvai-Leumi in the British Mandate of Palestine planted and exploded a bomb at the King David Hotel in Jerusalem. The hotel was the base for the British Secretariat, the military command and a branch of the Criminal Investigation Division (police). 91 people were killed, most of them civilians: 28 British, 41 Arab, 17 Jewish, and 5 other. Around 45 people were injured.
1946 - Irgun bombs British Embassy in Rome, Italy.
September 29, 1947 - Irgun bombs police station in Haifa, Palestine, killing four British and four Arab policemen, and two Arab civilians.
December 29, 1947 - Irgun throws grenades into cafe in Jerusalem, Palestine, killing 11 Arabs and 2 British policemen.
9 April, 1948 - The Irgun together with the Stern gang attacked the Palestinian village of Deir Yassin during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, killing at least 107 civilians. See Deir Yassin massacre.

Talvez esta seja mais uma contribuição para o debate em torno do terrorismo e as respostas possíveis. Sendo que nesta questão me aproximo, cada vez mais, das opiniões expressas por Mário Soares nas suas últimas intervenções sobre o assunto.